The arid frontier has been a challenge for humanity from time immemorial. Drylands cover more than one-third of the global land surface, distributed over Africa, Asia, Australia, America and Southern Europe. Disasters may develop as a result of complex interactions between drought, desertification and society. Therefore, proactive planning and interactive management, including disaster-coping strategies, are essential in dealing with arid-frontier development. This book presents a conceptual framework with case studies in dryland development and management. The option of a rational and ethical discourse for development that is beneficial for both the environment and society is emphasized, avoiding extreme environmentalism and human destructionism, combating both desertification and human livelihood insecurity. Such development has to be based on appropriate ethics, legislation, policy, proactive planning and interactive management. Excellent scholars address these issues, focusing on the principal interactions between people and dryland environments in terms of drought, food, land, water, renewable energy and housing. Audience: This volume will be of great value to all those interested in Dryland Development and Management: professionals and policy-makers in governmental, international and non-governmental organizations (NGOs), as well as researchers, lecturers and students in Geography, Environmental Management, Regional Studies, Development Anthropology, Hazard and Disaster Management, Agriculture and Pastoralism, Land and Water Use, African Studies, and Renewable Energy Resources.

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Action with the Elderly: A Handbook for Relatives and Friends contains practical advice that will help the elderly citizens adjust in this mobile, technological, and rapidly changing society. This handbook describes the services it offers as complementing the qualities of a "good doctor, the good priest, the good neighbor, and even the qualities of the good parent." The text addresses the value of independence in old age, with some case studies to drive the point. The book explains rendering help in a personal way through visits, conversation, or reading; the text likewise offers tips on helping in practical ways such as cooking, memory compensation, and offers of appropriate and nourishing food. The book lists and explains other ways of caring such as maintenance of the home, appropriate health concerns, and communications. The text lists organizations and persons responsible for the elderly. The family doctor, voluntary organizations, and churches all contribute to the well-being of the elderly. The book then discusses the problems of the elderly such as psychological changes or bereavement. This handbook also offers advice on how to deal with serious mental disturbances, for example, depression, delirium, paranoia, or senility. This book will prove its worth to relatives, friends, caregivers, voluntary workers, social workers, religious ministers, and administrators of home for the aged institutions.

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The Lifestyle Diet Makeover is a fantastic program for anyone who is trying to lose weight regardless of your situation. If you are a big eater who is scared of dieting because you will be hungry and tired then you do not need to fear. The Lifestyle Diet Makeover enables you to be well fed while losing weight. If you're already muscular and scared of dieting because you will lose muscle as well as fat you do not need to fear. The Lifestyle Diet Makeover suggests you eat plenty of lean protein which will help you maintain your muscle while burning fat. Here are some of the features of The Lifestyle Diet Makeover. - The 5 'Secret Pillars' of Weight Loss (ignoring these keeps most people fat!) - The healthy foods to eat that "make the cut" and even help shed pounds - Important rules of eating (you think it's just about the foods? No way.) - How to eat healthy even if you're on the go - The key to healthy meal replacements and my favorite meal-subbing strategies - The "real-deal" low-down on supplements and what actually does work - The 'Secret Sauce' to making the Lifestyle Makeover Diet Work. Permanently! The Lifestyle Diet Makeover is more than just the science of food and drink. This program also contains several psychological lessons which will enable you to beat the food cravings for the first time in your life.

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A one-of-a-kind analysis of ocean cruising! In Ocean Travel and Cruising: A Cultural Analysis, noted author Arthur Asa Berger turns his critical eye to the phenomenon of ocean cruising. This academically solid yet reader-friendly book brings a multidisciplinary cultural studies approach to the subject, examining ocean cruising from economic, semiotic, sociological, psychoanalytic, and marketing perspectives, and offering insights not provided by the more traditional sociological approaches to the subject. You'll explore cruise demographics, the relationship between cruising and gender, the sociology of dining on cruise ships, hedonism and pleasure seeking, the compulsion to cruise, consolidation in the industry, the exploitation of workers on cruise ships, and a great deal more. Here's a section-by-section rundown of what's in store for you and your students in this one-of-a-kind new text: The Economics of Cruising examines cruise categories, industry consolidation, worker exploitation, and ways that cruise lines make money aside from ticket sales. This section also compares the costs of cruises vs. land-based vacations and fills you in on the typical weekly food and beverage consumption of the Carnival line's complement of ships, which sheds light on how a cruise line can, for a mere $10, provide a food array that would cost a restaurant or hotel $33 to $40. Signs at Sea-The Semiotics of Cruising provides you with a quick primer on semiotics and then discusses the cruise ship as a sign system and then breaks the system down to its component parts, discussing dining rooms, cabins/staterooms, dress codes, spatiality, luxury signifiers, the perceived elitism of the cruise experience, the role of photography, and more. A Sociological Analysis of Cruising explores cruise demographics and their meaning, time budgeting on cruises, the sociology of dining, new trends in cruising, and the meaning of gender in relation to ocean cruising. A particularly intrigui

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Food is celebrated as a key element of the Nigerian culture. Food is embraced for fellowship, worship, and survival. The staple foods of Nigeria include rice, yam, cassava, and wheat (bread). Traditionally, Nigerians (at least the elders) don't cook by recipe. The fine art of cooking Nigerian food is normally handed down through observation, apprenticeship, and experimentation. When asked how they cook so well without a written guide, the older Nigerian mothers would only say that "they just do it." This attests to their experiential learning of the art of Nigerian cooking. As modern practices take root, more and more Nigerians are resorting to the guiding "hands" of written recipes. That is what informs the writing of this book. Our American and European friends often request copies of Nigerian recipes. If not written down, the much-desired Nigerian recipes cannot be disseminatee and promulgated throughout the world. Thus, it is the hope that this book will contribute to providing a lasting archival repository of Nigerian recipes, just as other books before it have done. Nigerian foods, particularly the soups, are usually spicy hot. Each family often has its own twists and turns to the process of achieving hotter and hotter meals. The common belief is that eating spicy foods is good for the heart and facilitates longevity. "Mild" is not normally in the vocabulary of Nigerian menu, except when dealing with our Western counterparts. The diversity of thoughts, beliefs, and Nigerian kitchen practices lead to many different ways of preparing the same food. As such, many of the recipes in this book do present alternate approaches to preparing the same basic food. Please don't be timid, experiment and enjoy!

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Humanitarian crises - resulting from conflict, natural disaster or political collapse - are usually perceived as a complete break from normality, spurring special emergency policies and interventions. In reality, there are many continuities and discontinuities between crisis and normality. What does this mean for our understanding of politics, aid, and local institutions during crises? This book examines this question from a sociological perspective. This book provides a qualitative inquiry into the social and political dynamics of local institutional response, international policy and aid interventions in crises caused by conflict or natural disaster. Emphasising the importance of everyday practices, this book qualitatively unravels the social and political working of policies, aid programmes and local institutions. The first part of the book deals with the social life of politics in crisis. Some of the questions raised are: What is the meaning of human security in practice? How do governments and other actors use crises to securitize - and hence depoliticize - their strategies? The second part of the book deals with the question how local institutions fare under and transform in response to crises. Conflicts and disasters are breakpoints of social order, with a considerable degree of chaos and disruption, but they are also marked by processes of continuity and re-ordering, or the creation of new institutions and linkages. This part of the book focuses on institutions varying from inter-ethnic marriage patterns in Sri Lanka to situation of institutional multiplicity in Angola. The final part of the book concerns the social and political realities of different domains of interventions in crisis, including humanitarian aid, peace-building, disaster risk reduction and safety nets to address chronic food crises. This book gives students and researchers in humanitarian studies, disaster studies, conflict and peace studies as well as humanitarian and military practiti

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World population is forecast to grow from 7 to 9 billion by 2050, 1 in 6 is already hungry and food production must increase by 70-100% if it is to feed this growing population. No single solution will solve this problem but recent developments in the genetic technologies of plant breeding can help to increase agricultural efficiencies and save people from hunger in a sustainable manner, particularly in African nations where the need is greatest. These advances can rapidly incorporate new traits and tailor existing crops to meet new requirements and also greatly reduce the time and costs taken to improve local crop varieties. This book provides a collected, reliable, succinct review which deals expressly with the successful implementation of the new plant genetic sciences in emerging economies in the context of the interrelated key regulatory, social, ethical, political and trade matters.

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The Dark Gods are seething after the defeat of Lord Beelzebub and the destruction of the Devil Temple in Bengal. Prince Leviathan, an Aqueous God, and brother of Beelzebub is determined to get revenge. He is worshipped as God on Prasino Animos, a planet revolving round the Sun in the Constellation of Corvus. It is similar in atmosphere to Earth. The men are evil and cruel. Probes are sent to Earth, releasing Giants and Little Green Men in water areas, Loch Ness, Ullswater, and the Norfolk Broads. The public get the jitters and are terrified. They stay at home. There is no power, water, sanitation or food. Venus Defence send their Super Spy, Sreena, dyed the same green as the Prasinos. She has high intelligence and the courage of a lion. She sends data back to Venus twice a week by Scout Craft. They can reduce the journey to one day by Time and Space Warping. She reports that a major invasion of Earth is imminent. Hundreds of Space Craft attack the East Coast, and submerge off the coast of Norfolk. A Defence Front Line is manned by the Army and NATO Allies, Germany and France with a U.S.A. Aircraft Carrier supporting. The Defence Line with tremendous courage and determination hold back three waves of small attack craft, who send in hundreds of Giants and thousands of Little Green Men. Scientists devise unusual weapons to deal with them and defeat them. Venus Defence send attack craft to help the defenders. The Prasino Fleet vacate and return to their planet but most are destroyed in Space. Robert Renwick with his Venusian Comrade Yarno are landed on Prasino. They find Sreena and rescue her with other abductees and they are returned to safety.

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Seelert's stories and wisdom demonstrate that the principles and practices leading to winning results in sports are highly transferable to the building of brands, businesses, and organizations. This book tells you how." -Jack Twyman, NBA Hall of Fame player, former ABC Game of the Week announcer, and former Chairman and CEO, Super Food Services Inc. "Seelert's comprehensive revelation of his leadership wisdom is priceless-especially the management of culture through innovative communications, fueled by rock-solid personal spirit and style. Read and succeed. it's that actionable. Bob's the real leadership deal." -John W. Luther, President, Luther & Company, Strategic Growth Consulting "I've never been at my best when working for a boss in the traditional sense. Authority is not my favorite cultural tool. I am at my best (maybe like you) when I have a coach and mentor. Bob Seelert has played that role for over a decade, providing me with counsel, guidance, perspective, and unconditional love and support. Oh yes, and wisdom. Lots of it! You'll find out what I mean when you read this book." -Kevin Roberts, CEO Worldwide, Saatchi & Saatchi "Bob Seelert entered Saatchi & Saatchi in early 1995 when the company was in flux and extremely unstable. In a few short years, he not only stabilized the business, he grew it into an even greater advertising powerhouse than it once was. If anyone is qualified to write about business turnarounds, it's Seelert!" -David Herro, Chief Investment Officer-International, Harris Associates LP "Spencer Stuart placed Bob Seelert into leadership positions at Kayser-Roth and Saatchi & Saatchi at times when success seemed impossible, but failure was not an acceptable option. In both situations, he achieved highly successful turnarounds, and his stories tell you why." -Thomas Neff, Chairman, Spencer Stuart USA "Bob Seelert and I worked together for twenty years, and I saw firsthand how the wisdom in this book enabled him to build business

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This book is an incredibly helpful guide for living a life thats filled with greater health and happiness. Each chapter focuses on a different part of the holistic approach to improving your health and wellness. These parts include: Nutrition, Weight Management, Happiness, Food Choices, Exercise, Love, Sleep, Career, Spirituality, Dealing With Stress, And More … In each chapter I give you simple suggestions for a GOOD way to improve that part of your life, a BETTER way to improve it, and the BEST way to improve it. The idea for this book came from the nutrition and health coaching I provide for clients in my counseling practice. My clients have found the concept of "Good, Better, Best" to be the most helpful tool for making improved choices that empower them to achieve their health and wellness goals. You will love this book! And it will help you have a healthier and happier life! Mitch Plotnick, C.H.H.C.

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Discover how to Overcome Depression Fast and Naturally Today only, get this bestseller for less than the cost of a pizza! Read it on your PC, Mac, smart phone, tablet or ebook device. You're about to discover a logical and proven method on how to overcome depression fast and naturally. Millions of people suffer with depression and ruin their personal life as well as their careers trying to deal with it the best they can. Most people realize that they are depressed but don't know how to or are unable to overcome it, simply because they been through so much and possibly have given up all hope. The truth is, if you are suffering from depression and haven't been able to overcome it or change, it's because you are lacking an effective strategy or taken the correct path in the depression process. This book will take you in a step-by-step strategy that will help you understand depression, heal naturally, and from there to help you move forward. Here Is A Preview Of What You'll Learn. What is Depression Symptoms and Signs Therapy Traditional Treatment for Depressive Disorder Natural Treatment for Depression Best foods to include in your Diet to Improve Depression Much, much more! Download your copy today! Take action today and download this book for less than a pizza! Check Out What Others Are Saying. I decided to download this book since it's very reasonably priced and I've been dealing with a minor case of the blues. While short, it gets right to the point. The author talks about the different kinds of depression, and delves into both traditional and alternative methods for treating depression. Basically, it offers a great overview so that the reader can choose methods that might work best for them. I especially liked the alternative/natural approaches detailed by the author as traditional therapy is out of financial reach for me at this time. I'm hopeful that this will help me to turn the corner and get back to a happier me. I picked up this book during th

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Who Cut The Cheese?" is the updated 2011 edition of the razor-sharp parody dedicated to the millions of readers who either enjoyed or suffered through the motivational bestseller "Who Moved My Cheese?(tm)" "Who Cut the Cheese?" is a parable in which four characters must find a way through a maze in their hunt for "Cheese." But this cheese is actually symbolic of the things that we all want out of life: success and self-confidence, a nice house, a loving marital relationship, perfect children, a loyal dog, indoor plumbing, good Chinese food, several million tax-free dollars, and red-hot sex with multiple partners. The "Maze" in this story is symbolic of the twisting, turning, confusing, mugger-filled blind alleys of Your Life. And since you're being compared to a rat in this book, the whole "Maze" analogy works like a charm. When you come to see the "Psycho-babble on the Wall," you can discover for yourself how to deal with change and how to find the Cheese that will make your life joyous and fulfilling. Failing that, feel free to take crayons and color in the many pictures. It's fun, it's therapeutic, and it will keep anyone else from ever using your now useless e-reader.

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Today, more than ever, talking about food improves the eating of it. Priscilla Parkhurst Ferguson argues that conversation can even trump consumption. Where many works look at the production, preparation, and consumption of food, Word of Mouth captures the language that explains culinary practices. Explanation is more than an elaboration here: how we talk about food says a great deal about the world around us and our place in it. What does it mean, Ferguson asks, to cook and consume in a globalized culinary world subject to vertiginous change? Answers to this question demand a mastery of food talk in all its forms and applications. To prove its case, Word of Mouth draws on a broad range of cultural documents from interviews, cookbooks, and novels to comic strips, essays, and films. Although the United States supplies the primary focus of Ferguson's explorations, the French connection remains vital. American food culture comes of age in dialogue with French cuisine even as it strikes out on its own. In the twenty-first century, culinary modernity sets haute food against haute cuisine, creativity against convention, and the individual dish over the communal meal. Ferguson finds a new level of sophistication in what we thought that we already knew: the real pleasure in eating comes through knowing how to talk about it.

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New York Times bestselling author, former Speaker of the House, and Fox News political analyst and Republican presidential candidate Newt Gingrich has a plan for slashing gas prices and reducing our long-term dependence on foreign oil. Gingrich is famous for taking big, visionary ideas and boiling them down into practical solutions for the American people and in his new book, $2.50 A Gallon: Why Obama Is Wrong and Cheap Gas Is Possible, Gingrich tackles America's energy crisis. Dealing not only with spiraling gas prices, but with all aspects of energy policy, Gingrich shows how we can safely reap the benefits of America's own natural resources and technology in gas, oil, coal, wind, solar, biofuels and nuclear energy. Gingrich argues that the pinch Americans are feeling at the pump is not a blip in the economy but a looming crisis-affecting not only the price of gas, but the price of food, the strength of our economy, and our national security. To meet this crisis, Gingrich lays out a national strategy that will tap America's scientists, engineers, and entrepreneurs, and require Congress to unlock our oil reserves and remove all the impediments and disincentives that unnecessary government regulation has put in the way of American energy independence. The energy crisis is solvable, as Newt Gingrich's plan makes clear. His handbook, $2.50 A Gallon: Why Obama Is Wrong and Cheap Gas Is Possible, is sure to become the talk of the presidential campaign season.

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Customers in the US and Canada please order from Stanford University Press at (800) 621-2736 or visit their website at www. sup.org. In this book, ECLAC (Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean) draws upon the Latin American and Caribbean region's experience in order to formulate a historical and multidimensional assessment of the globalization process from the perspectives of developing countries. In view of the glaring contrast between increasingly global problems and the incomplete, asymmetrical nature of the international agenda for dealing with them, developing countries need to adopt a proactive agenda that will enable them to seize the opportunities and avert the risks of globalization. Globalization and Development offers up a series of principles and an agenda for achieving just that aim. "This book provides a profound analysis of key problems facing the global economic order. Equally important, the agenda put forward provides perceptive food for thought for all who are committed to overcoming the fundamental asymmetries that pervade the world economy today. It recognizes that success in creating a better global order must go beyond the topics that have been at the center of discussion in the past: There must be an adequate supply of global public goods, and we need to incorporate at the global level values that we often taken for granted at the national level-a commitment to global democracy, global citizenship, and global social justice." Joseph Stiglitz, Professor, Columbia University, and Winner of the 2001 Nobel Prize in Economics

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Keys to a Vibrantly Healthy, Long Life is a highly useful and comprehensive book on Acupuncture, Oriental Medicine, and other approaches to health and healing that complement these treatment forms. Written by Debra Gaffney, a busy, practicing Acupuncture Physician, it provides in-depth information on a number of modalities, yet does so in clear, easy to understand language that makes the book as engaging as it is informative. Dr. Gaffney deftly lays out a clear path for dealing with health challenges, improving already good health, and enhancing vitality. While the material is anchored by her substantial experience with acupuncture, she goes far beyond that one approach because her medical practice encompasses a spectrum of healing forms, all of which are defined, described, and thoroughly discussed in this book. The reader is treated to both an in-depth explanation of the hows and whys of Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine, and a very holistic and all-encompassing view of practical, applicable information on a variety of health concerns and treatments. Among the topics that are thoroughly covered in the book are: Acupuncture - from needling and related practices such as cupping, gua sha and moxibustion to leading edge discoveries in electro-acupuncture Nutrition - including explanations of food components, elements of Oriental nutrition, the value of nutritional supplements, and ailment-specific foods Herbal medicine - how it works, why it works, and what herbs are frequently used in treating specific conditions Homeopathics - what they are, how they work, and when they are most effective Allopathic (prescription) drugs and their place in healing Lifestyle products like shampoo, toothpaste, cosmetics that can have a profound affect, not only on appearance but also on health Stretching, prayer & meditation, breathing and other practices that have benefits far beyond the obvious There is also a section containing an extensive list of physical ailments - from allergies to thyro

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Learn how to raise and train your Shetland Sheepdog to have good Behavior and more! 1. The Characteristics of a Shetland Sheepdog Puppy or Dog 2. What You Should Know About Puppy Teeth 3. Some Helpful Tips for Raising Your Shetland Sheepdog Puppy 4. Are Rawhide Treats Good for Your Shetland Sheepdog? 5. How to Crate Train Your Shetland Sheepdog 6. When Your Shetland Sheepdog Makes Potty Mistakes 7. How to Teach your Shetland Sheepdog to Fetch 8. Make it Easier and Healthier for Feeding Your Shetland Sheepdog 9. When Your Shetland Sheepdog Has Separation Anxiety, and How to Deal With It 10. When Your Shetland Sheepdog Is Afraid of Loud Noises 11. How to Stop Your Shetland Sheepdog From Jumping Up On People 12. How to Build A Whelping Box for a Shetland Sheepdog or Any Other Breed of Dog 13. How to Teach Your Shetland Sheepdog to Sit 14. Why Your Shetland Sheepdog Needs a Good Soft Bed to Sleep In 15. How to Stop Your Shetland Sheepdog From Running Away or Bolting Out the Door 16. Some Helpful Tips for Raising Your Shetland Sheepdog Puppy 17. How to Socialize Your Shetland Sheepdog Puppy 18. How to Stop Your Shetland Sheepdog Dog From Excessive Barking 19. When Your Shetland Sheepdog Has Dog Food or Toy Aggression Tendencies 20. What you Should Know about Fleas and Ticks 21. How to Stop Your Shetland Sheepdog Puppy or Dog From Biting 22. What to Expect Before and During your Dog Having Puppies 23. What the Benefits of Micro chipping Your Dog Are to You 24. How to Get Something Out of a Puppy or Dog's Belly Without Surgery 25. How to Clean Your Shetland Sheepdogs Ears Correctly 26. How to Stop Your Shetland Sheepdog From Eating Their Own Stools 27. How Invisible Fencing Typically Works to Train and Protect Your Dog 28. Some Items You Should Never Let Your Puppy or Dog Eat 29. How to Make Sure Your Dog is Eating A Healthy Amount of Food

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Patricia Moore-Pastides, author of Greek Revival: Cooking for Life, heads to the garden in this new cookbook that makes a do-it-yourself healthful lifestyle possible, offering guidance on how to pursue healthy eating, starting from the ground up. Moore-Pastides, an accomplished cook and public-health professional, presents all new recipes focused on bringing the bounty of the garden to the table in easy and accessible ways. Targeting young adults but valuable for all novices, Greek Revival from the Garden focuses on the time-tested Mediterranean diet-recommended for great taste, good health, and long life-and on learning simple, delicious cooking methods that foster a happy and healthy relationship with good food. The growing section provides all the information necessary for those interested in organic gardening to cultivate an exciting array of fruits and vegetables in containers, raised beds, or yard gardens. Topics include preparing the soil, composting to create organic fertilizer, watering, working with basic tools, and dealing with common pests and problems. Color photographs are provided to inspire new gardeners with more than just tomatoes and cucumbers. Greek Revival from the Garden then invites the reader into the kitchen. This section assumes little prior cooking knowledge or experience and includes kitchen safety, common equipment and cooking methods, and observations from cooking class participants. The highlight of the cooking section are the recipes themselves: a beautifully photographed sampling of fifty mouth-watering dishes prepared with the harvest of homegrown vegetables as the stars, including garden gazpacho, curried butternut squash and apple soup, and nut crusted creamy almond fruit tart. Throughout the book, Moore-Pastides inspires healthy habits by introducing simple ways to grow and prepare nutritious dishes, and promotes a long and fulfilling lifetime relationship with food from garden to table.

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In the modern economic paradigm characterized by a multitude of business management theories aimed at maximizing profits, there is a danger of formalizing management techniques to the extent of dehumanizing individuals or reducing them to humanoids. This book deals with familiar concepts in the management literature, but always in light of the model of the human person. It sheds light on organizing processes in individuals, small groups, and organizations and other large social systems by covering empirical research on three central topics - modes of influence, intrapersonal communication, and change - through which the social context is constantly shifting. Concepts from other fields are also introduced by the author into the field of management, such as philosophy, biology, sociology, semantics, and mythology, to name a few. As a protest against behaviorism, materialism, objectivism, determinism, elitism, and many other "-ism's" that degrade the human person, this book provides food for thought to students of management and organizational behavior, psychologists and sociologists, as well as political scientists and leaders of business and nonbusiness institutions. Contents: History of Ideas: You Cannot Not ManageFirst Encounter with ManagersPsychologist in Business School! From Academia to Wall StreetSingapore Adopts the SeminarLearning is a Two-Way ProcessThe Human Person: Don't Think, Just Look! Model ParametersSynthesisPractical ImplicationsMembership and Role Acquisition:A State of BelongingMembership: A Historical ProcessRole AcquisitionLeading and Managing: Leader/Manager ControversyReview of Case StudiesLeadership, Fellowship and Follower-ShipCentral Thesis: Mechanisms of InfluenceA Journey with a DonkeySocial Structures: The Human Person as a UniverseDyadic StructuresTriadic StructuresSmall GroupsWork, Play and Leisure: Semantic IntroductionWork versus LaborPlayLeisureAristotle's ViewEnergy ManagementFinal ConclusionPhilosoph

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The geography of medicine is a classical subject that can be studied wherever medicine is practised and the population counted. It has already contributed a great deal to knowledge of the causes of disease and it might be thought that the subject had little more to teach. This, however, is unlikely. First, there are many parts of the world that have only recently been provided with the full range of diagnostic services. Secondly, it is now realised that the ob- servation that a disease occurs only very rarely under some conditions can be just as important as the observation that it occurs very often under others. Thirdly, the spread of industrializa- tion has not yet eliminated the wide variety of conditions of life that has been produced by different cultures and different standards of living. We have still an opportunity to determine their effect on the incidence of disease, but not perhaps for long. That an interest in the geography of cancer can pay dividends is shown by many examples ranging from the relationships between cancer of the buccal cavity and chewing habits and between cancer of the lung and smoking, to the current enquiries relating Burkitt's lymphoma to malaria, cancer of the oesophagus to the comsumption of maize beer, cancer of the liver to food contaminated with aflatoxin, and cancer of the large bowel to the dietary content of fibre and fat.

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